The virtual machine (VM) requires storage for its data programs and system files. Virtual storage can be utilized to boost the performance of the VM by presenting a single physical storage device or network-based storage as different types. The VM can then access it without having to be aware of the hardware.
managing virtual storage requires the careful balance of performance, capacity and cost. Administrators must decide if they would like to only use solid-state drives, or also hard-drive disks. They also need to determine the type of storage controllers and how many to implement. IT managers can reduce storage costs by using compression and deduplication.
There are three kinds that exist: RAID groups (RAID), logical volumes (LV) and physical disks. Physical disks and Raid groups divide physical capacity into smaller units, which are perceived by applications or servers to be a single storage device. A virtualization layer translates I/O requests made by the server to the correct physical disk.
The virtual storage model decreases hardware cost by separating out the operating system from the physical devices and by providing a single point of administration. It also allows for scalability, as it automatically adjusts the physical capacity to meet demand. Additionally, it permits administrators to handle a variety of tasks in a non-disruptive manner such as transferring data off over-utilized storage devices. This is accomplished using the technique of data migration. The granularity of the mapping determines the speed at which meta-data updates can be completed, how much space will be needed to migrate and the speed at which a previous location can be free.
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