Barrense-Dias mais aussi al. Such methods was basically possibly claimed individually and often mutual in one product. Certain research has also notable “number 1 sexting”, whenever a man sends their unique personal sexts in order to others, off “supplementary sexting”, which suggests the fresh new further dissemination of these question without having any agree of the individual referenced from the sext [22,23]. Even in the event sexting is commonly looked at as a volunteer routine [twenty-four,25], most education don’t identify it as such as for example , neither consider the secondary stress to exchange sexts that teenagers may be or found . There are even differences in ways of sign, such as for example having fun with a phone, a computer, email address, otherwise a keen unspecified strategy . New format from and you will terms and conditions used to explain sexts also can disagree between training . While some definitions have only considered texts, someone else have on top of that integrated tunes-visual articles (age.
Most content has classified sexts using most standard adjectives, eg “sexy”, “sexual”, and you may “provocative”, while you are only a minority have observed her or him adjectivized having fun with a whole lot more precise terminology such “nude” otherwise “using only undergarments” . Not all the studies have examined and you will advertised sexting given additional addressees, for example couples, associates, visitors, and the like [25,27]. Gamez-Guadix et al. The point about buying and selling sexts such contexts with eg receiver is actually an element which had been felt in the very few knowledge [31,30]. Other abstract issue is that the schedule of methods accustomed evaluate sexting features varied much more around the degree, with a few bookkeeping for 30 days just before surveying, while others speaing frankly about lives prevalences [29,32].
So it deficiency from the literature is viewed as especially important when writing about teens, given that risks he or she is met with may differ with different sexting receiver [21,28]
Finally, the very best methodological restriction off search into the sexting ‘s the absence of an opinion to your its measurement, particularly in adolescents .
step 1.1. Present Validated Sexting Tips
Multiple recently confirmed tools possess concerned about examining sexting from inside the people, including the “Escala de Conductas acerca de Sexting” (ESC, only available within the Spanish nowadays) in addition to Sexting Choices Measure (SBS) . Although not, to the better of our knowledge, at this point, there has just started one to device looked at one of adolescents, the brand new Intimate Photo Diffusion Measure (EDIMA) . EDIMA try validated on the an example off Foreign-language adolescents (602 adolescents old ranging from several and you will 19) in order to estimate the fresh new frequency off delivering and you may publishing effective or provocative photographs or clips via devices. Specifically, the size and style makes reference to five procedures (delivering, receiving, requesting, and you will re also-sending) and distinguishes ranging from around three possible agents (partners, relatives, and you will acquaintances, and visitors). The new accuracy get out of EDIMA are discovered to be 0.976.
Despite perform to progress this new evaluation of sexting, every aforementioned conceptual and methodological points possess still not been solved. New scales functioning at this point advise that sexting takes place via cellular mobile phones or social network sites as opposed to coating almost every other potential technologies otherwise platforms. Neither would they security one of the numerous media types, such as songs [29,36]. Sexts has up to now only started recognized having really standard adjectives, and you can, ergo, have been susceptible to the fresh translation out of participants. Lastly, voluntariness wasn’t expressly considered, making it impossible to separate ranging from okay-grained levels of voluntariness inside the sexting, particularly deliberate sexting, undesired however, consensual sexting, and coerced sexting Chinois femmes.
The purpose of this research were to write and you may validate a good the software to own measuring sexting one of adolescents who does safety the latest number of abstract and you can methodological issue mentioned above. Particularly, new ined the new Teenage Sexting Level (A-SextS to have short), will be based upon offered, unifying, and making clear various conceptual site points on meaning away from sexting with regards to: (a) concentrating on energetic sexting, level a wide range of on line behavior, many of which have not been thought to time (elizabeth.grams., publish, streaming); (b) identifying with the same motivational build (we.age., with amorous otherwise intimate objective) doing three different types of addressee; (c) recognize if or not sexting occurs as a result of the participant’s individual step otherwise not; (d) offered because wider a range of news formats you could (elizabeth.grams., sexts, past text, and you can graphic formats); (e) distinguishing around three amounts of intimate explicitness inside the sexts; and you will (f) exploring almost every other associated advice like if the face of one’s participant appears regarding photo otherwise videos delivered. In addition, all of our study movements away from a conventional validation strategy on the an excellent theory-driven strategy, which have a well-known foundation construction, since the sexting nonetheless can not be considered a build of the own inserted inside the a validated theoretical program, but instead just a network of habits achieved through the sites. Ergo, in the current stage off lookup towards sexting, a recognition means concentrated generally to your articles authenticity, concurrent legitimacy, and you can criterion legitimacy will become necessary. Hence, our studies can make a around three-bend contribution so you can continue sexting search: then theoretic and you will empirical invention, more exact incidence rates, and you will an even more done characterization of routine particularly certainly adolescents.