The aim of which paper is to try to analyse the new alternatives in addition to their Simple Polish counterparts on acoustic point of view. We used the multitaper means (Shadle 2006; Shadle 2012;Lousada, Jesus and you may Pape 2012) to analyse the fresh spectral qualities of sibilants.
To try to get a hold of reasons to your alter, i generally make reference to (i) a functional strategy connected with examine optimisation from the sibilant program and in order to (ii) a good sociolinguistic strategy that renders mention of lifestyle away from an effective soundsymbolic organization ranging from opportunity focus from inside the large frequency places and you may smallness (Ohala 1994). It is suggested that the the newest improvements during the Polish sibilants serve to enhance which iconic aim of palatalisation and develop an impression off “over-palatalisation”, signalling youthfulness and childishness.
So it paper are planned below. Area dos has the breakdown of your own acoustic check out and you may Area 3 gift ideas the results associated with an evaluation of one’s this new versions out-of sibilants as well as their alternatives inside the practical speech. Inside the 3.step one a beneficial linear discriminant studies is displayed proving hence of your examined parameters are the most effective in discerning new version regarding the Basic Gloss variation. A discussion of overall performance observe. I establish a multi-dimensional analysis plus all of the examined details counted for everyone sibilants to evaluate the high quality Polish system into the program including the brand new versions. Part 5 comes to an end.
2. Acoustic analysis
Within this section we introduce the fresh new experimental design and the efficiency off a keen acoustic experiment in which i read the the alveolo-palatal /?/ and you can . I hypothesise one to the fresh new alternatives of these audio obvious from the younger female speakers was significantly distinct from the quality Shine versions. As well, in area cuatro.step one we offer the kissbrides.com web link outcomes from a keen acoustic investigation of your own retroflex /? ? / and you can dento-alveolar sibilants /s z / in order to get even more understanding of the entire sibilant system.
dos.1. Experimental design
Inside our thing, the latest sibilants /s/, /?/, /?/, , , and you may appeared in wordinitial, troubled /#_a/ and word-medial, unstressed /a_a/ ranks out-of words stuck during the (i) a provider phrase (Powiedziala __ create ciebie, ‘She said __ so you’re able to you’) and you will (ii) a coherent text. So you can were way more variability, the language in coherent text message are available in some other vowel contexts at different places inside the phrases. What searching throughout the service provider sentence have been usually bisyllabic and you can stressed to your very first syllable. The newest sentences were frequent 5 times additionally the text try read twice. Most of the terminology together with text message are given when you look at the Appendix B.
16 native speakers off Fundamental Gloss took part in which try out. These people were all women their studies at brand new College or university off Warsaw inside the Poland, aged 19-23. All the audio system originated in central Poland (Masovia) one another from metropolitan and outlying towns and cities. We ensured that they talked Important Gloss no regional attributes. We pre-chosen the speakers according to good perceptual perception of basic publisher and you may verification from the 2nd journalist, both indigenous speakers regarding Polish. Seven audio system exactly who pronounce this new version and seven sound system exactly who pronounce the quality Polish alveolo-palatal /?/ participated in the newest check out. I failed to just take teenagers since the a handling class because the (i) we really do not listen up variant from inside the men’s pronunciation and (ii), just like the found from the Fuchs and Toda (2012), there are good variations in the manufacture of sibilants ranging from men and you will girls. Alternatively, i chosen ladies while the a handling classification to create each other organizations as homogeneous that you could.
All tracks was conducted for the a peaceful space on School out of Warsaw, Poland. The fresh tracks were made playing with a great Sony ICD-MX20 Good-County Recorder at the a sample speed out of forty two,one hundred Hz and you will sixteen parts. I made use of the interior microphone of Strong-Condition Recorder, which includes a low-linear, steeply coming down regularity response more than eleven,100 Hz. All of our spectral analyses was basically band-limited from 20 Hz to help you 11,000 Hz, that provides the ideal regularity assortment, previously used toward calculation of multitaper spectra together with resulting spectral moments (Lousada ainsi que al. 2012 and Zygis et al. 2012). To your formant analysis the newest audio research had been down-tested so you can 11,025 Hz. Stuff was indeed analysed that have Praat adaptation 5.dos (Boersma and Weenink 2011) and you can MATLAB R2007b.